Журналы — Народное образование — Выпуск №3/2026
Бизяева Н. Д., Аманов С. Ф.
Эволюция системы оценивания поведения учащихся в учебных заведениях России с начала XVIII до 90-х годов XX века
Предпосылки формирования системы оценивания в России до XIX века. Словесные формулировки оценки успехов и поведения. Трансформация системы оценивания поведения учащихся в XX веке до 90-х годов. Циклический характер развития системы (формализация — отмена — возвращение). Поиск соотношения между контролем, воспитанием и курсом на гуманизацию образования.
• история педагогики • оценка за поведение • критерии оценивания • школьное образование • российское образование
The Evolution Of The Student Behavior Assessment System In Russian Educational Institutions From The Beginning Of The 18th Century To The 90s Of The 20th Century
Natalia D. Bizyaeva, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Russian Academy of Education, Associate Professor at the School of Historical Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, ndbzv@yandex.ru
Stanislav F. Amanov, Candidate of Historical Sciences, History teacher at the S. Yesenin School No. 641, Moscow, amanov.stanislav@mail.ru
Abstract: The article is devoted to the historical and pedagogical analysis of the evolution of the system of assessing student behavior in educational institutions in Russia from the beginning of the XVIII to the 1990s of the XX century. The relevance of the study is confirmed by the plans of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation to return grades for behavior to school, in particular, the assessment system has been tested in a number of subjects of the Russian Federation since the 2025/2026 academic year. The conclusion is made about the cyclical nature of the system’s development (formalization — cancellation — return), which, according to the authors, consists in finding a certain relationship between control, education and the ongoing course towards humanization of education, adopted in Russia more than 30 years ago. Historical experience shows that an effective behavior assessment system should avoid exclusively punitive functions, serve as a diagnostic tool and a basis for dialogue between all participants in the educational process.
Keywords: history of pedagogy, assessment for behavior, assessment criteria, school education, Russian education
